BUILDING CONSTRUCTION AND DRAWING ~ EDUCATION FOR EVERYONE

LECTURE NO. 1 BY ENGR RAHAT ULLAH

BRICK MASONRY

PART 1

TYPES OF BRICKS:

Bricks are made in a range of varieties, each intended for a specific purpose.
Created from some combination of sand, water, clay, and heat.
Building brick, or common brick, is used in construction and is provided with frog, which reduce weight of brick and increase strength.
Face brick is chosen for visible surfaces or exposed walls and comes in different colors, sizes, and shapes.
Firebrick is made with special clay to offer additional heat resistance in fireplaces or boiler rooms.
Glazed brick is coated on one surface with a ceramic finish that is sanitary and easy to clean, making it popular in hospitals and laboratories.

TERMINOLOGY OF BRICKS:

Use of brick on End

Back

The inner surface of a wall which is not exposed is called the back. The material forming the back is known as backing.

Face:

The exterior of wall exposed to weather is known as face. The material used in the face of the wall is known as facing.

Hearting:

It is the interior portion of a wall between the facing and backing.

Joint:

It is the junction of two or more bricks or stones. If the joint is parallel to the bed of bricks or stones in a course then it is termed as bed joint. The joint which are perpendicular to the bed joints are termed as vertical joints or side joints or perpends.

Bat:

it is the portion of brick cut across the width.

Closer:

it is the portion of the brick cut length wise in such a manner that its one long face remains uncut.

King Closer:

these are the portions of a brick obtained by cutting off the triangular piece between the center of one end and the center of one side.

Bevelled Closer:

it is that portion of a brick in which the whole length of the brick is beveled for maintaining half width.

King closer

Bevelled closer

Jambs:

these are the vertical sides of an opening for doors and windows. These may be plain or splayed or may be provided with recesses to receive the frames of doors and windows.

Reveals:

These are exposed vertical surfaces left on the sides of an opening after the door or window frame had been fitted in position.

sill level:

it is the level of the window from the base (floor) ,through which a section is cut to show the plan of the structure.

Course:

A course is a horizontal layer of bricks or stones.

Stretcher:

A masonry unit laid with its greatest dimension horizontal and its face parallel to the wall and a course having all the bricks laid in stretcher is called a stretcher course.

Header:

a masonry unit laid with its small dimension and parallel to the face of the masonry wall. A course having all the bricks laid header wise is called header course.